Evaluate Sociological Explanation of the Relationship Free Essays

Evaluate sociological explanation of the relationship between gender and religious beliefs and practice. (33marks) Within religion, there are clear gender differences. In some regions, women aren’t to show any parts of their bare skin and are most certainly not allowed to become figures of religious authority, whereas in other religions, women are able to dress as they please and progress to one day become figures of religious authority. We will write a custom essay sample on Evaluate Sociological Explanation of the Relationship or any similar topic only for you Order Now This difference in religion is also apparent in religious beliefs and religious participation. With regards to religious activity, and beliefs in God, sin, evil and life after death, generally speaking, more women than men participate in such activities. For example, in 2005 it was found that 1. 8million women in England were churchgoers, whereas only 1. 36million men were. Miller and Hoffman support this by finding that women express a greater interest in religion, have stronger personal commitment to it and attend church more, and this applies to all ages, religious organisations and faiths. Bruce estimates that there are twice as many women than men involved in sects. Some sociologists have seen this difference in religious activity and beliefs as being connected to the different ways of which men and women see God – the god of love and forgiveness or the God of power and control. Sociologists have put forward several explanations for the gender differences in religious beliefs and practices, but most tend to focus on the reason for women’s relatively high level of participation and men’s low levels. Miller and Hoffman state that women are more religious because they are socialised to be more passive, obedience and caring – qualities that are valued by most religions, and it’s claimed that this is the reason why women are more likely to be attracted to religion then men. Men who are seen to have these qualities are also more likely to be religious, so perhaps it is not so much about the gender, and it is the way of which you are socialised. Miller and Hoffman also noted that women are more likely to have part time jobs, whilst also being fall time carers, so as a consequence of this, they have more room for organising their time to participate in religious activities. Women are also more likely to be attracted to the church as a source of gender identity. Greeley argues that taking care of other family members increases religiosity in women because it involves responsibility to ‘ultimate’ welfare as well as everyday needs. Similarly, Davie argues women’s closer proximity to both births – because they are those who give irth to their babies, as well as death because they are more likely to be the ones to look after the elderly when they are on their deathbeds. This brings them closer to ‘ultimate’ questions about the meaning of life that religions are ultimately concerned with. This also fits back in with the different ways men and women come to see God. Women are more often associ ated with nature, and the healing role, because of this they may be more attracted than men to New Age Movements in particular. For example, Heelas and Woodhead found that 80% of participants in Holistic Milieu in Kendal are females, this is because such movements often celebrate the ‘natural’ and involve cults of healing which give women higher status and a sense of self-worth. Bruce argues women’s experience of child rearing makes them less aggressive and goal-oriented , as well as being more cooperative and caring, making them more attractive to New Age Movements. Men wish to achieve what women feel. Women may be attracted to New Age Movements because they emphases on the importance of being authentic, rather than merely acting out roles. Callum Brown argues New Age ‘self’-religion’s appeal to women’s wishes for autonomy and therefore attract women recruits. Women also on the other hand may be attracted to fundamentalism because of their certainties of a traditional gender role that it presents for them. Glock Stark, as well as Stark and Bainbridge argue that people may participate in religion because it compensates for social, organismic and ethical deprivation, which a person may be gaining a sense of. Glock and Stark argue these forms of deprivation are all common along women and this explains their higher levels of sect membership then men. Organismic deprivation stems from physical and mental health problems. Women are more likely to suffer ill health and seek healing through religion, and thus therefore more likely to join sects. With regards to ethical deprivation, women tend to be more morally conservative and thus are more likely to regard the world as being in moral decline and for this reason are attracted to sects, where their views are often shared. Social deprivation suggests that women are more likely to be poor, and this explains why there are more women than men in sects, since Sects try to gain their following from the poorer members of society. Feminists view religion as being mainly patriarchal. Many claim that religion is a patriarchal institution that systematically benefits males over females, for example in the sacred texts, where women are often unnamed. Alongside this, in almost all religions, the gods are all male, which suggests they claim women, have no power and sacred texts were also written and have been interpreted by males, and thus incorporate traditional male stereotypes and biases towards women. In some versions of Islam, women are not allowed to divorce their husbands, but their husbands may do so by saying so three times, alongside this, their husbands are allowed to have up to three other wives. In other religions, such as the catholic church, women aren’t allowed to have any involvement in religious practices other than becoming a nun, who is still seen as being subordinate in accordance to the other roles available for men, and they are also can participate in mass and so on by adopting their role as the Laity – women cannot become priests. In the church of England, women can become priests since the 90s, and in the church of Scotland, they could have become priests as early as the 1960s. Holms claim that the basis for women’s subordination is their sexuality. Menstruation is generally thought of to make a woman unclean and thus polluting holy places. This is why Hindu women are not allowed to go near family shrines when they are menstruating or pregnant. Muslim women are not allowed to come into contact with the Koran or enter the mosque whilst there are menstruating also. El Sadaawi claims that religion in itself is not oppressive towards women, women’s religious subordination stems from their oppression in the wider society. For example, the Bible and Koran were written in extremely patriarchal societies and scriptures used to justify and reinforce their position. Feminists point out that male and female characters in the Bible were not portrayed equally. Tough. Among the traditional regions, Aldridge points out that Quakers and Unitarians are very committed to gender equality, for example back in the 19th century, the Unitarians began ordaining women. How to cite Evaluate Sociological Explanation of the Relationship, Essay examples

Football Game Essay Research Paper Homecoming night free essay sample

Football Game Essay, Research Paper Homecoming dark, and the football squad is scrambling on the wet cabinet room floor. The air is packed with steam from the hot showers clashing into the cool autumn air. It smells like # 8212 ; well it smells like a football cabinet room. Talk of whose day of the month is the hottest, and who played the best enraptures the ears of all within listening distance. Tonight we will hold some merriment. For now the electrifying high school Dance far outweighs the thrilling triumph over the homecoming rivals. Soon after the dance, when they start experiencing their achings and strivings, the football participants will retrieve the game. They will retrieve what it took to acquire at that place, and what got them at that place. Ever since anyone could retrieve, Medicine Lodge Indians have been taught one lesson above all others. If executed right, Shoot R 32 Veer is the unstoppable drama. We will write a custom essay sample on Football Game Essay Research Paper Homecoming night or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Many people may non cognize what the Shoot R 32 Veer is. It is a football drama designed so elaborately, that no affair what the defence does, they can non defend against it. It is based on the thought of the ternary option. This is where the signal caller can manus the ball off to the fullback, he can flip the ball to the tailback, or if he needs to he can maintain it and run it himself. First is ? The Handoff? to the fullback. After the ball is snapped, the fullback charges the line of scrimage. Hoping to blow through the defensive line, and crush into the line backers, picking up at least five paces. It is the signal caller # 8217 ; s occupation to read the defensive tackle. If he goes out, he hands it off. If he goes in, he keeps it. Assuming that the defence doesn # 8217 ; t want to take the five-yard buffeting from the fullback. They will crash their tackle in. The signal caller so keeps the ball. By now, tungsten vitamin Es have reached the 2nd phase of the drama. ? The Pitch is intended to do the unblocked defensive terminal decide whether to travel after the signal caller or to try to undertake the tailback after the pitch. Before the drama starts, the signal caller calls, ? Down? , telling his squad to acquire into a stance. After one second, he calls? Set, ? seting the tailback into gesture. When the taiback is straight behind the fullback, the signal caller says, ? Hut, ? to get down the drama. Then the tailback abdomens ( tallies in a curving form ) deep behind the fullback and the signal caller. After the sham to the fullback, he runs outside the terminal. This is where his following crucial read comes into drama. If the terminal # 8212 ; or outside line backer, whichever one is there # 8212 ; comes after the signal caller, he pitches it. The tailback so runs outside the broad receiving systems block down the out of bounds. If the defensive participant goes after the tailback, the signal caller keeps it. He cuts indoors, between the drama side running back? s? kick out? block ( he blocks either the terminal or the outside line backer out of the drama ) and the drama side tackle? s? seal block? ( he makes contact with either the tackle or the inside line backer, and easy places his butt as if it were a camera watching the dorsum ) . With every other possible manque tackler being blocked, there should be no opportunity of either of the signal caller or the tailback being tackled. There are non many dramas that can really be called unstoppable, but the drama that our manager has chosen as our? Bread and Butter, ? is decidedly one of them. With a small spot of? Buddy Taylor Football, ? your squad can besides steamroll over oppositions with this annihilating drama. One thing that I feel obligated to remind everyone is, that with the right squad, any drama is unstoppable.

Leading and Change Leadership Styles and Ethics

Question: Discuss about the Leading and Changefor Leadership Styles and Ethics. Answer: Introduction Although my passion for managing organizational change management situation did not initiate until I learned to apply certain effective models and theory of leading and change within the company I completed my internship (Gurdjian, Halbeisen and Lane 2014). During my internship in Charles and Keith, I realized that the fast fashion brand company in Singapore organized a fashion show where the company faced difficulty in trying to survive the fiercely competitive fashion industry for existence of its major competitors in the industry. The major competitors of the organization include Dzojchen, Collate The Label, Matter, Beyond the Vines and Ong Shunmugam (Rao 2014). The company encountered several issues that associated to leading and management of change. The company Charles and Keith have developed the business from that of a small store into a business that is worth millions. In addition to this, management of the business have plans to further expand their business. Thus, the successful shoe business developed and underwent changes eventually from being a small store to a fast fashion brand operating in the fashion industry of Singapore. The company found ways to differentiate itself from the competitors of the firm by finding an edge. The company unsettled operations in order to improve its mediocre performance (Collinson 2014). The company developed designs founded on customers feedback and understanding regarding tastes and preferences of customers and developed sensational products in every season. Thus, in order to keep pace with the changing trends, the company had to unsettle business processes and products and deliver the designs tha t the customer required. Therefore, the company encountered owing to difficulties in implementation of intricate change initiatives. The process of unsetting operations calls for the need of elaborate planning and anticipating the changes that are likely to occur. Thus, the company Charles and Keith faced issues in implementation of new systems of operations, assessment of compatibility of the new system with the old ones, assignment of roles to the responsible managers and faced challenges in carrying out the regular business activities whilst occurrence of changes (Higgs and Dulewicz 2016). The decision of the management to unsettle operations and implement innovative practices to enhance the performance called for the need of implementation of change. However, the company faced issues as employees resisted constant changes. They tend to become uncomfortable when the operations change as changes essentially disrupts their familiarity. Employees therefore resist changes as they hav e the need tp relearn their new roles or else change the manner they carry out operations. Again, the company faces issues with improper communication regarding the changes that in turn creates rumors in the workplace. Considering the situation, I played the role of managing the situation through applying relevant leadership capabilities. During the internship, I learned to manage the associated people in selling fashion apparels. I played the role of a leader in such situation and attempted to position the company to have a clear mission of employee motivation and innovation. Critical Evaluation of the Leadership Capabilities in the Situation After analyzing the problem situation within the company, I decided to develop my leadership capabilities and considering the same, I have implemented two major leadership capabilities such as trait or Big 5 and situational approach (Armstrong and Taylor 2014). Situational leadership is defined as a leadership approach that has been developed to manage on certain people management situations in a company. Situational leadership can be considered to be an adaptive leadership style. Particularly, this leadership strategy motivates leaders to take stock of specifically their members of the team, weigh different variables in the place of work, and select leadership style that matches with the goals as well as circumstances. From the analysis of the situation in the company, I realized that the company faced difficulty in trying to survive the fiercely competitive fashion industry for existence of its major competitors in the industry. Through implementing suitable change capabilities, I was quite successful in bringing about change in the problem situation within the company. (Taylor et al. 2016). Moreover, situational approach facilitated me in motivating people to adapt to changing situation within the company and get involved in constant innovative behavior. In accordance with the situational leadership approach, I followed the selling and coaching style in which I focused no maintaining high relationship and high task (Gurdjian, Halbeisen and Lane 2014). As rightly indicated by Gurdjian, Halbeisen and Lane (2014) trait model of leadership is essentially founded on characteristics as well as features of different leaders who are both successful as well as unsuccessful. This is necessarily used to predict efficacy of leadership. However, the consequential lists of different traits can be compared to that of diverse potential leaders to appraise the likelihood of success or else failure of the leaders. The core threats that can be recognized include the drive for achievement, leadership motivation, honesty and integrity, self-confidence, cognitive ability and knowledge of business among many others. In addition to this, other trait include emotional maturity. As the organization Charles and Keith has a drive for attainment of developing higher growth potential, the leaders need to have the achievement drive as a core quality for attainment of the organizational objective. Thus, the core trait of influencing and lead others is also need ed for the achievement of goal of Charles and Keith to improve from mediocre performance. The drive to excel in the performance can be achieved through group efforts and collaborative operations in the firm. On the other hand, trait or Big 5 can be understood as big five model that is comprehensive effort to reveal traits and structure of human personality to understanding the underlying aspects of personality. The big five factors of Big 5 personality model traits are conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness and extraversion (Higgs and Dulewicz 2016). Leadership Development Plan Action Plan 1 Based on the drawbacks of my leadership capabilities, I have developed an action plan that intends to develop my leadership capabilities. The situational leadership theory explains that a leader must have the capability of directing, coaching and participative nature (Gurdjian, Halbeisen and Lane 2014). I must develop the decision-making power through which the leaders can make suggestions to the followers through maintaining an efficient relationship with them. Being a leader I must learn to be more concerned regarding the challenge of addressing goals and attaining tasks than on developing effective relationships with the team members. Action Plan 2 Three leadership skills that I need to develop includes future behavior prediction along with controlling, changing and properly directing behaviors (Taylor, Sturm, Atwater and Braddy 2016). Through developing such characteristics, I have developed telling-giving particular task directions along with properly supervising work through following high task and low relationship based style. Through developing leadership capabilities, I will be able to ensure effective change management among the employees of Charles and Keith fashion brand. I will also make sure that I develop the collaborative capability to encourage people to work in team with great effort (Higgs and Dulewicz 2016). Conclusion During my internship in Charles and Keith, I realized that the company faced issues associated with leading and change through effective development of the company, emerging in larger market place and adapting effectively within the changing environment. After evaluating the problem situation in the organization, I decided to advance my leadership capabilities and considering the same, I have implemented two major leadership capabilities such as trait or Big 5 and situational approach. I have succeeded to manage the entire group of people due to my increased self-management capability. This capability facilitated me in managing the employees those indicated resistance to change. Considering the drawbacks of my leadership capabilities, I have developed an action plan that can further help me in developing my leadership capabilities. Through developing such capabilities, I will be able to ensure effective change management among the employees of Charles and Keith fashion brand. Reference List Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Boettcher, M.L. and Gansemer-Topf, A.M., 2015. Examining Leadership Development Through Student Leader Outdoor Recreation Training.Recreational Sports Journal,39(1), pp.49-58. Breunig, M., 2014. Leadership Styles and Ethics.Leadership in Recreation and Leisure Services, p.96. Collinson, D., 2014. Dichotomies, dialectics and dilemmas: New directions for critical leadership studies?.Leadership,10(1), pp.36-55. Connelly, S., Gaddis, B. and Helton-Fauth, W., 2013. A closer look at the role of emotions in transformational and charismatic leadership. InTransformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead 10th Anniversary Edition(pp. 299-327). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Gurdjian, P., Halbeisen, T. and Lane, K., 2014. Why leadership-development programs fail.McKinsey Quarterly,1, pp.121-126. Hickman, M. and Stokes, P., 2016. Beyond learning by doing: An exploration of critical incidents in outdoor leadership education.Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning,16(1), pp.63-77. Higgs, M. and Dulewicz, V., 2016. Developments in leadership thinking. InLeading with Emotional Intelligence(pp. 75-103). Springer International Publishing. Mabey, C., 2013. Leadership development in organizations: Multiple discourses and diverse practice.International Journal of Management Reviews,15(4), pp.359-380. Oh, B.H., Seok, K.H. and Lee, J.H., 2014. The Effects on the Trust of the Leaders and Organizational Commitment on the Revolutionary Leadership to Canoe Leaders.Journal of Navigation and Port Research,38(2), pp.111-120. Rao, T.V., 2014.HRD audit: Evaluating the human resource function for business improvement. SAGE Publications India. Roe, K., 2014.Leadership: practice and perspectives. Oxford University Press. Taylor, S.N., Sturm, R.E., Atwater, L.E. and Braddy, P.W., 2016. Underestimating ones leadership impact.Organizational Dynamics,2(45), pp.132-138. Thomas, G., 2015. Skill instruction in outdoor leadership: A comparison of a direct instruction model and a discovery-learning model.Australian Journal of Outdoor Education,11(2), p.10. von Rueden, C. and Van Vugt, M., 2015. Leadership in small-scale societies: Some implications for theory, research, and practice.The Leadership Quarterly,26(6), pp.978-990.

Comparative Analysis Practice

Psychological Effects in Patients after Laser Vision Correction

Psychological Effects in Patients after Laser Vision Correction Introduction The importance of vision is huge indeed for the vast majority of people: the way of how people can see influences considerably human skills, abilities, intentions, and behaviour. In case a person is not able to observe the world around, it is hard to define the main priorities and interests because having good vision is considered to be overwhelming.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Psychological Effects in Patients after Laser Vision Correction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During the last several decades, people get an access to use appropriate medical treatment and improve their health with the help of different surgeries. One of the most frequent and effective is regarded to be laser eye surgery, also known as laser vision correction, or LASIK (Jendritza, Knorz, Morton 2007, p. 274). In many European countries as well as in the United States of America and some countries of South Americ a, the professionals find it very important to contribute the sphere of laser vision correction and provide patients with a possibility to look at the world in a different way and see everything clearly. Leach et al. (2006) admit that â€Å"millions of patients have undergone refractive surgical correction over the last few decades radical keratotomy (RK), photorefractive keratectomy (PPK), laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), and lesser performed procedures such as LASEK (epilasik)† (p. 131). A variety of the existed surgeries to improve human vision is impressive indeed, and the outcomes of such activities have a number of positive impacts on human life. In this paper, much attention is paid to the psychological factors which are observed after laser vision correction and influence a person’s life. Improved lifestyle, re-evaluated quality of life, and constant intentions to get more from this life are considered to be the outcomes observed after laser vision correct ion procedures. People who undergo laser surgeries may gain confidence about what they are doing and thinking, change their mood, and become free from the duties they have to do day by day. From a pure psychological perspective, the impact of laser vision correction is important indeed: those people who lose their hope to see everything around clearly are provided with a chance to improve the quality of their lives, to get an access to various possibilities, and to prove that their achievements deserve attention and recognition.Advertising Looking for critical writing on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Very often positive outcomes from a psychological side are more important for people than those of medial perspective. The Reasons of why People Agree for Laser Vision Correction Nowadays a number of women and men are eager to try an eye surgery to make their dream come true and to abandon their glasses or contact lenses (Segal 1995). To understand the idea of psychological effects on a person’s life after the vision correction procedure, it is crucially important to underline the reasons which made a person accept an idea of such procedure, evaluate the expectations, and focus on both primary and secondary studies in order to identify what is already known in the field and what has to be discovered. In the chosen theme, there are many issues which are properly disclosed and evaluated; primary studies help to define the advantages of laser vision surgery. However, during the process of evaluation, it has been noticed that some factors are still missing. For example, only few researchers focus their attention on negative outcomes of vision correction (Consumer Reports 2009), much information remains to be unknown to the patients (Fiordo 2009), and the vast majority of results are based on the experiments conducted within a certain group of people. What is missing in the chosen s tudy is the necessity to evaluate all aspects of poor vision, the backgrounds which cause vision problems, and physical conditions of patients. In some chosen investigations, the authors make a decision to investigate vision problems of older people (Kulmala et al. 2008), and Bailey et al. (2003) take into consideration gender difference between patients. Still, in most cases, attitudes to laser surgery are positive, and the reader is in need for thorough investigations and ideas to get a clear picture of laser vision correction and its psychological factors.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Psychological Effects in Patients after Laser Vision Correction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a rule, the main reason of why so many people select laser vision correction is the necessity to improve their health and deprive themselves of the necessity to use glasses or contact lenses on a daily basis. So much tim e and money are usually spent by people to improve their vision; however, the outcomes are not always satisfactory. Carol Lewis (2001) investigates the backgrounds of LASIK and admits that people want to â€Å"minimize their dependency on glasses or contact lenses† with the help of offered correction procedures (p. 25). Due to the current technological progress and opportunities in medicine, people usually expect their vision being even better than the one they have while wearing lenses or glasses. However, the professionals inform that it is wrong to expect such improvements from the surgery and it is better to be ready to observe fewer vision changes still full independence from lenses and glasses (Dufour 2003). This is why to overcome psychological challenges after laser vision surgery, it is necessary to comprehend the main purposes of the procedure and to realize what may be expected from laser intervention and what may not. In the vast majority of ideas, assistance of p rofessional psychologists is missing, this is why it is possible to believe that the psychological readiness for after surgery outcomes is not as perfect as it could be with professional assistance. The ideas of Rosanne Colosi (2003) help to identify that more than 1.5 million Americans undergo laser vision surgeries in order to correct their nearsightedness, astigmatism, farsightedness, and other vision problems (p.64). Though it is hard to understand what people actually expect from such surgeries, still, they are ready to try something new and take a step to changes their lifestyle. The main flaw in such studies is the fact that people are ready to change the quality of their vision but not ready to all those psychological changes and challenges in future. This is why a new study has to consider different aspects of surgeries, and professional psychologists should be the centre of the investigations.Advertising Looking for critical writing on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Life before and after Laser Vision Correction Current technologies make the laser vision correction procedure safer and less painful: with the help of appropriate diagnostic tools and ophthalmologists’ advancements (Ciccolella 2007, p. 77), medical staff is able to guarantee the patient successful outcomes and vision improvement. To gain positive psychological mood after the laser vision correction surgery, a person may evaluate his/her life before the procedure and define what he/she wants to do having good vision. For example, those people who cannot drive a car with glasses may easily pass the drivers’ test without glasses after an appropriate surgery on eyes. Studies show that about 98% of people with laser vision correction pass successfully the tests and enjoy of driving their cars (Spindel 1998, p. 38). This is why the psychological factors which influence human decision to pass through the surgery and improve their vision are all about making personal dreams co me true and dependence on personal desires only. Laser vision correction presupposes several changes in a human life. Improvements may be observed every morning when a person opens his/her eyes. People who have poor vision and are in need of glasses or lenses can enjoy the very first seconds of the day as the picture they see is dim and unclear. People who take the laser vision correction surgery are able to open their eyes and enjoy every moment of a day. Though this approach is more philosophical, it is still urgent for the vast majority of people. At the same time, 94,2% of patients who undergo eye surgeries admit that their lives become better: their relations with other people improve considerably, their productivity levels show high rates, and their vision is improved so that it is high time to forget about glasses and lenses (Brown et al. 2009, p. 645). Psychological Perspective in Laser Vision Correction It has been already mentioned that the success of laser vision correcti on depends considerably on how patients and medical workers define possible outcomes and succeed in preoperative steps (Farid Steinert 2009, p. 253). Still, the investigations in the chosen field are not as thorough and definite as they should be: not many people are eager to share their experience and achievements several years after the surgery. Long-term results of LASIK or other type of eye surgery are not identified or at least not clear, and people are afraid to worsen their vision with time (Fiordo 2009, p. 142). For example, one the one hand, the studies in the article from Consumer Reports (2009) inform that 55% of patients under investigations have to continue wearing glasses or contact lenses even after they undergo laser vision correction. But on the other hand, at the end of the experiment offered by Bailey et al. (2003), 97% of the patients under analysis make a decision to recommend the same procedure to other people including their family and friends as the results of the surgery are more than successful. Psychological researches help to evaluate the sphere of visual correction and recognize the debates regarding visual problems and after-surgery outcomes. Taking into consideration personal interviews, questionnaires, and discussions, it is possible to identify that in spite of loud and frequently mentioned positive aspects of surgery, there are still negative consequences which may influence human behaviour and cooperation with other people around. This is why after the surgery, it is possible to observe changes in motivation (people are eager to change as many things in their life as possible), perception of the reality (even if the quality of glasses and contact lenses is high, there is still a difference of how the world looks like when a person observes it without lenses), personal attitude to everything around (even if a person looks at the mirror without glasses, there is still a possibility to discover something new inside), and, final ly, the necessity to re-evaluate the chosen lifestyle appears (healthy food to provide the organism with the necessary vitamins, new haircut to underline some face lines, etc). The history of laser therapy is not new (Munnerlyn 2003; Sakimoto, Rosenblatt, Azar 2006), still, the outcomes of laser vision correction surgery seem to be impressive indeed. Quality of Life after Vision Correction In spite of the fact that some researchers prove that visual problems are more inherent to old people (Dhital, Pey, Stanford 2010), various chances in visual components may be notices among young people who prefer to spend much time in front of their computers or TVs and find the Internet as the only reliable source of information. Current youth can hardly imagine their life without PC or other technology that considerably influence their vision. It is not a surprise to clear up that more than 30% of patients who are eager to improve their vision with the help of laser correction are people befo re 30. Young people want to forget about the necessity to use glasses day by day or to take care of contact lenses but enjoy the life and make use of possibilities. So, the vast majority of people find the idea of laser vision correction as a rather effective and interesting first step to improve the quality of life. McGhee et al. (2000) introduce captivating data on how laser surgery may influence the life: more than 97% of patients are satisfied with fast visual improvements; more than 93% of people are satisfied as they managed to meet the goals set by the surgery; and more than 97% believe that the quality of their life is improved (p. 508). Quality of life is not easy to change and, what is more important, improve. Still, it is necessary to take the first step and make sure that there are some backgrounds to rely on. It is possible to use eye surgery as an integral motive in life and believe that if a person is able to look at the world independently without glasses or contact lenses, there are many other aspects which may undergo changes. Variety of Ways of how People Perceive the Life One of the evident psychological changes that may be observed in people who undergo laser vision operation is the perceived quality of vision and life. The point is that those people who had poor vision realize what they can lose in case and be deprived of. When they have a chance to improve their vision, they appreciate such possibility as no one else and try to take as much as possible from life. Quality of life increases, more professional and personal goals are achieved, and laser surgery proves that its impact on human life is great. Kulmala et al. (2008) investigate how vision may become a predictor of mortality and prove that lower vision may correlate mortality in some cases. Visual problems should not bother young people and become a kind of message of coming death or other health problems. If a person has a chance to improve vision with no pain and challenges, it is better to use it and forget about the problems. Some tests, evaluation of eye movement (Wiggins et al. 2007), and measurement of visual acuity should be considered before the last decision is made. Lifestyle and Possible Improvements Made by People after Laser Vision Correction The idea to use laser surgery and improve vision is supported by the psychological factor that helps to change personal lifestyle. A person should understand that the success in life is certainly predetermined by the chosen lifestyle, and it is necessary to change mindset and do what is wanted. Lifestyle cannot be defined in one or two sentences; it is unique for every person; it is obligatory and significant part of life; this is why it is hard to investigate. Lifestyle is the way of how person is confident in personal steps and ideas. It happen that glasses or contact lenses distort the reality, and a new look that is not biased by lenses helps to realize what is wrong. Improved lifestyle is the most pl easant outcome of laser vision correction, and if person manages to achieve some changes, the success of eye surgery is justified. Conclusion Laser vision correction is considered to be one of the most exciting advancements in ophthalmology (Lewis 1998, p.32). It is not only a kind of medical intervention that aims at improving health and vision. It is a chance to evaluate the life from a new perspective and achieve good results in personal and professional fields. People have to be provided with appropriate medical care and psychological support to be ready to change of lifestyle as well as some other psychological changes in life. The above-discussed researches are powerful indeed, still, some perspectives remain to be mission, this is why the need of a new properly organized study where psychological aspect is evaluated is evident and has a number of powerful grounds to be conducted soon. Reference List Bailey, MD, Mitchell, GL, Dhaliwal, DK, Wachler, BS, Zadnik, K 2003, ‘ Patient satisfaction and visual symptoms after laser in situ keratomileusis’, Ophthalmology, vol. 110, no. 7, pp. 1371-1378. Brown, MC, Schallhorn, SC, Hettinger, KA, Malady, SE 2009, ‘Satisfaction of 13,655 patients with laser vision correction at 1 month after surgery’, Journal of Refractive Surgery, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 642-646. Ciccolella, C 2007, ‘Laser vision correction’, Vision Monday, vol.21, no. 6, pp. 77. Colosi, R 2003, ‘I can see clearly now’, Dance Spirit, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 64+. Dhital, A, Pey, T, Stanford, MR 2010, ‘Visual loss and falls: a review’, Eye, vol. 24, pp. 1437-1446. Dufour, R 2003, ‘Leading Edge’, Journal of Staff Development, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 71+. Farid, M Steinert, RF 2009, ‘Patient selection for monovision laser refractive surgery’, Current Opinion in Ophthalmology, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 251-254. Fiordo, R 2009, ‘Symbolic mediation of experience, communication, and general semantics: in praise of clearing mediated clouds’, Review of General Semantics, vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 142+. Jendritza BB, Knorz, MC, Morton, S 2008, ‘Wavefront-guided excimer laser vision correction after multifocal IOL implantation’, Journal of Reflective Surgery, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 274-279. Kulmala, J, Era, P, Rantanen, T, Heikkinen, E 2008, ‘Visual acuity and mortality in older people and factors on the pathway’, Ophthalmic Epidemiology, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 128-134. ‘Laser surgery: go in with your eyes open’, Consumer Reports, vol. 74, no. 11, pp.8. Leach, NE, Miller, WL, Tran, A, Bergmanson, LPG 2006, ‘A universal contact lens design for the post-refractive surgery cornea’, Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 131-137. Lewis, C 1998, ‘Laser eye surgery: is it worth looking for?’, FDA Consumer, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 32+. Lewis, C 2001, ‘Vision correction: taking a look at wh at’s new’, FDA Consumer, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 25. McGhee, CNJ, Craig, JP, Sachdev, N, Weed, K Brown, A 2000, ‘Functional, psychological, and satisfaction outcomes of laser in situ keratomileusis for high myopia’, Journal of Cataract Refractive Surgery, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 497-509. Munnerlyn, CR 2003, ‘Lasers in ophthalmology: past, present, and future’, Journal of Modern Optics, vol. 50, no. 15/17, pp. 2351-2360. Sakimoto, T, Rosenblatt, M, Azar, D 2006, ‘Laser eyes surgery for refractive errors’, Lancet, vol. 367, no. 9520, pp. 1432-1447. Segal, M 1995, ‘Eye surgery helps some see better’, FDA Consumer, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 15+. Spindel, G 1998, ‘Laser vision correction proves its worth’, New Hampshire Business Review, vol. 20, no. 26, pp. 38. Wiggins, D, Woodhouse, M, Margrain, TH, Harris, CM, Erichsen, JT 2007, ‘The consequences of eye position for nystagmus patients’, Investigating Opht halmology Visual Science, vol. 48, no.5, pp. 2089-2094.

Mortgage and Depreciation Expense and Tax Analysis Essay

Mortgage and Depreciation Expense and Tax Analysis - Essay Example However, although the mortgage rate rises from 5% to 10% in the current scenario, the appreciation of houses that consumers can buy rises from 2% to 9%. This implies that demand for consumers wanting to purchase a house goes down. With such deliberations, it is apparent that an investor will find it difficult getting customers willing or able to buy a house. This becomes tricky unless the investors have some other sources of obtaining funds to service the mortgage. To many investors, availability of consumers to purchase their house is a vital factor to consider when mortgaging a house because rents collected from them highly help pay for the mortgage (Lank, 2003). In another dimension, it is argued that in any investment, it is important to venture into business when prices are low, and exit or dispose when prices are high. However, in this scenario, both interest rates and prices of housing are high. In this regard, investors need to consider other factors such as growth in the eco nomy, local employment rates, and the growth of population in the area they wish to invest in. this means that if predictions about these factors turns out to be in his favor, the investor can go ahead with the mortgage. Second scenario If interest rates were able to be deducted from investor’s income, it is an option that many people would like to go for. However, since every investor aims at making a profit and avoid making losses, having interest rates for the mortgage being deducted from their income poses a great threat in servicing the mortgage and meeting other needs that are planned to be addressed by the income (Lank, 2003). Obviously, the investor has other obligations to meet with the income. So when his income starts servicing the mortgage, this means that some of his other projects would be at haul. However, this option is only applicable to first real estate investors who have not experience on serving their mortgage. When this happens, there is a possibility of the investor to service the mortgage on his own as he awaits such a time when prices goes up for him to dispose the house. However, this being the only option the investor has to service the mortgage; it is risky because unlike when the investor would have other means of servicing the mortgage, if consumers are unable to pay or even decides to move to other houses, the investor risks loosing the house unless they turn into their personal income to pay for it (Lank, 2003). All in all, if the income generated from the house can be able to pay for the mortgage, the better. This ensures that an investor’s other businesses or incomes are not disrupted to service the mortgage. Third scenario Deducting taxes from the income earned from the property can be argued to be the best option. The deduction is partial recovery of the cost of the property. Generally, when the property is able to take care of taxes, investors are assured of effective payment of the mortgage. This is unlike wh en they have to pay for the taxes from other sources. In fact, when taxes are deducted from the income generated from the property, the investor is in a better position to claim a tax reduction whenever there is depreciation of the property that generates the income (Lank, 2003). More importantly, when taxes are deducted from the income, the investor can take advantage of the internal revenue services provisions in the area where the property is located. Fourth scenario Every investor would be happy to have

Benefits of Effective Human Resource Management Essay

Benefits of Effective Human Resource Management - Essay Example Zakaria, Zainal and Nasurdin define human resource management as â€Å"a philosophy, policy, system and practices that can affect the behavior, attitudes and performance of employees† (2011, p.77). Durkovic (2009) acknowledges the importance of human resource management noting that organizational success significantly depends on the manner in which human potentials are managed. This implies that managers of human resources have to be equipped with the necessary skills in order to produce the best from the employees despite the challenges involved in managing people. The concept of human resource management Human resource management has undergone significant change in theory, practice and research over the previous decades. The pressure from both the internal and external environments has caused HRM to deviate from its administrative tasks as personnel management to adopting its new role as a root of sustainable competitive advantage in organizations (Durkovic, 2009). Previousl y, the functions of HRM as a key driver of success in an organization were ignored. However, in the modern economic environment, its potential role in enhancing the performance of organizations has been appreciated with its practice improving performance through customer and employee satisfaction, productivity, innovation and developing good reputation in an organization’s community. ... Through scientific selection process, it supplies an organization with skilled workers. Similarly, human resource management prepares workers so that they fit within the changing environment through training and development. It encourages experimentation and innovation so that costs would be reduced and productivity increased. This shows that human resource management plays a key role in an organization and should therefore not be undermined. It relates to all organizational activities including production, marketing and finance among others. Jackson, Schuler and Werner (2012) further observe the importance of human resource management in satisfying various stakeholders in an organization including investors, owners, employees, other organizations and the society at large. The concern in this would be in people as resources and not as factors of production. It encompasses the cycle starting from recruitment to selection, hiring and training so as to develop human assets. Required ski lls Effective human resource management requires one to possess the required skills for appropriate management to ensure that organizational objectives are achieved. The basic skills cited by Jackson, Schuler and Werner (2012) include listening, presentation, communication and leadership skills. Negotiation skills would also be critical in ensuring that these managers recruit the best skills in the market at competitive rates. Due to group dynamics in an organization, human resource management calls for skills in group problem solving so as to ensure harmony among the employees. This would be coupled with the demand for team building skills to ensure that the organization works as a team towards a